The 2027 US National Defence Authorisation Act (NDAA), which sets defence policy and authorises military spending, prominently features competition with China as a key focus. Despite divisions in Congress, lawmakers across parties agree on expanding US military, technological, and economic rivalry with Beijing.
Both the House and Senate versions of the NDAA include new provisions addressing Taiwan, artificial intelligence, defence supply chains, and preparations for a potential crisis in the South China Sea. The House has already passed its version of the bill, while the Senate is working to approve its own before the August recess starting next week. The two chambers will need to reconcile differences before the bill is sent to US President Donald Trump for signature.
Experts note that this year’s NDAA maintains a similar tone to previous years but introduces notable new measures targeting China across defence procurement, industrial policy, and economic security. Bonnie Glaser, managing director of the German Marshall Fund’s Indo-Pacific programme, said the NDAA is increasingly used to bolster resilience against China while strengthening defence ties with US allies and partners.
Sources:
- South China Morning Post World, "China competition looms large in 2027 US defence bill", August 5, 2026, by Han Li
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